Cutting The Bullshit On Circumcision
I was a little late to the dance on this one -- the prohibition on circumcision in Germany, a modern and ethical (and absolutely correct) decision. Iaian Brassington has a smart piece on this at the Journal of Medical Ethics, correctly criticizing, among other things, Frank Furedi's absolutely and disappointingly lame arguments on Spiked.com:
Take Angela Merkel for starters, who has come out against the ruling, citing the importance of the freedom to practise one's religion. Writing in Spiked, Frank Furedi made a similar claim. Such claims are, it seems to me, bogus. Allowing that there's a right to practise one's religion doesn't commit us to the idea that that's the only right. There're others. Appeals to a right to bodily integrity also seem fairly easy to make. At first glance, this means that we have to decide which of these rights is the more important if and when they are found to be incompatible. (Furedi spends a lot of time talking about parents' rights to bring up their child as they see fit, but the only time he mentions appeals to the rights of the child is to dismiss them as a mere cover for a more insidious attack on the parents: "they claim to be speaking up for the rights of the child and protecting infants from their parents. In reality, this is an attempt to neutralise the rights of parents by subjecting their behaviour to the exigencies of a child's consent..." That's the lot.)But this brings us up against a much thornier question, which is whether a there really is a right to practise those aspects of one's religion or culture (or things that are not central to, but are strongly associated with one's religion or culture) that infringe others' rights. Sometimes there might be: for example, we might think that churches have the right to ring bells for a few minutes every week, even though some people living nearby may prefer otherwise, just so long as it isn't for more than a few minutes. But there might not be such a right in other cases. People living within earshot of church bells presumably chose to live where they do (I'm assuming that the bells were there first; it's not so clear that there's a right to install new bells); and the violation of their rights is easily ended when the bells stop. People circumcised as small children don't get the choice, and if there's a violation of their rights, it's harder to end. It's unlikely that forbidding a person from circumcising his child makes it impossible to practise the other aspects of his religion or culture (any more than forbidding a peal of the bells prevents the service happening); neither does it prevent the child who would have been circumcised adopting fully that religion or culture at a later point. So it might be that forbidding circumcision forces a change in the way that a religion or culture is observed - but religions and cultures do change over time, and maybe this would be one of those times. (Jews and Christians are beginning to accept the idea of female clergy; it's a slow process, but it's a nice demonstration of how long-held and deeply-held traditions can alter. Not so long ago, the idea of a female bishop would have been unthinkable; now it isn't. Is it possible that, even if the idea of adult circumcision is widely unthinkable among certain groups now, it might not be forever?)
As it happens, I struggle to see how anyone could make a claim that he has a right to cut someone else. Insisting that it's an established tradition, mandated by a cultural or religious law and custom, won't cut the mustard either, simply because it's that law and custom that's under scrutiny. The question comes down to one of balancing a parent's desire to cut, with the son's right not to be cut, and - as far as the courts are concerned - a moral and jurisprudential question about whether we want to live in the kind of society that allows parents the right to cut their children, or that allows their children the right not to be cut without their desire. (Note that it's not even a matter of consent, since that still implies a situation in which the opening gambit of any conversation is "I would like to cut you: may I?")
Brian David Earp blogs at Practical Ethics:
I want to interject that a practice's having been performed for a long time is (obviously) no argument for its moral permissibility, especially when the discussion concerns the subjection of defenseless minors to irreversible genital surgery. I could cite some examples of other customs with a long historical pedigree but which have nevertheless been deemed barbaric by modern humans - but the point is too easy to make. In any case, as I stated before, there are whole communities of enlightened Jews who have come around to the view that the involuntary removal of sexually-sensitive tissue from non-consenting children is no part of any loving God's plan...."Culture" cannot justify the nonconsensual genital cutting of babies. Neither can religion. Even if I sincerely believed that the creator of the universe had commanded me to remove genital tissue from my son without his permission, I would have to decline on ethical grounds. "God told me to do it" is simply not an acceptable replacement for moral reasoning in the modern era. The German court ruled rightly.
BMJ via @briandavidearp







I FB'd that the day it happened. I had 2 people I would have thought otherwise of, tell me it was a gross infringement on religious freedom. I've said it before and I'll say it again- religious freedom stops at harming another person's body.
These same 2 people had no response to why it's not okay to cut girls for religion.
momof4 at July 18, 2012 5:38 AM
Amy, that's recockulous.
See Mead.
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 18, 2012 9:00 AM
Your expression of fascist impulses in these matters is a tremendous disappointment... You want control of people's lives no less than the petty preacher in the Appalachian holler or the bearded warlord in the desert mountains of Afghanistan.
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 18, 2012 9:03 AM
@Crid, I followed your link and left with the question: cock a maimy?
BlogDog at July 18, 2012 9:45 AM
Makes me glad I got no roosters in this ongoing cock-fight.
However: from what I read this used to be a rite of passage for young men, not babies. I don't know what started it, and I don't care if it continues or not, but I'll go for the consensual argument. Wait til he's a teen and can make a big macho-guy ceremony out of either cutting it off, or maybe getting it tattooed or pierced or hanging a bell on it or some other goddam thing.
Pricklypear at July 18, 2012 9:58 AM
Parents make much more intrusive and determinant decisions than this for their kids all the time.
While I don't doubt your libertarian credentials, in this case I say "tell me who your friends are..." The people wanting to "protect boys" from circumcision are the same left-wing control freaks who've been undermining individual and family autonomy for decades - much of it under the cover-slogan of "it's for the children."
This blog has documented a lot of that folderol.
Ben David at July 18, 2012 10:12 AM
"You want control of people's lives no less than the petty preacher in the Appalachian holler or the bearded warlord in the desert mountains of Afghanistan."
Boy, have you got that analogy EXACTLY backwards.
Ginkgo at July 18, 2012 10:18 AM
In Africa NGOs are paying for Adult men to be circumcised. It turns out that circumcision significantly reduces the transmission of STDs, particularly HIV. Perhaps the Patriarchs (and the Patriarch's God) knew more than you think.
It is also ironic given the above that San Francisco, of all places has banned circumcision.
Bill Reeves at July 18, 2012 10:54 AM
Amy Alkon
http://www.advicegoddess.com/archives/2012/07/18/cutting_the_bul.html#comment-3266957">comment from Bill ReevesCan somebody please lay out the facts for Bill Reeves, who is wrong about this on so many counts. I'm a little swamped right now.
Actually, here.
http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/moral-landscapes/201109/more-circumcision-myths-you-may-believe-hygiene-and-stds
Best to think with reason rather than a hammer.
PS There's no evidence there's a god.
San Francisco's voters and officials do many things that are utterly idiotic but preventing the primitive and abusive practice of cutting off a piece of an unconsenting (and unable to consent) human being is not one of them.
Amy Alkon
at July 18, 2012 10:58 AM
Amy Alkon
http://www.advicegoddess.com/archives/2012/07/18/cutting_the_bul.html#comment-3266959">comment from Ben DavidThe people wanting to "protect boys" from circumcision are the same left-wing control freaks who've been undermining individual and family autonomy for decades - much of it under the cover-slogan of "it's for the children." This blog has documented a lot of that folderol.
Another light on logic comment.
It wouldn't matter whether neo-Nazis and astrology buffs were anti-circumcision.
It is barbaric and wrong to perform unnecessary surgery on a baby.
Let the kid grow up and decide he wants part of his dick cut off and I have not a problem with it in the world.
Ben-David, for the record, is an Orthodox Jew and homo-hater who frequently twists himself into logical pretzels to justify his positions.
PS I'm neither left nor right.
Amy Alkon
at July 18, 2012 11:02 AM
"The people wanting to "protect boys" from circumcision are the same left-wing control freaks who've been undermining individual and family autonomy for decades - much of it under the cover-slogan of "it's for the children.""
Many of them being your co-religionists Ben David.
Sio at July 18, 2012 11:09 AM
Amy Alkon
http://www.advicegoddess.com/archives/2012/07/18/cutting_the_bul.html#comment-3266966">comment from Amy AlkonBrian Earp on "A fatal irony: Why the “circumcision solution” to the AIDS epidemic in Africa will increase transmission of HIV"
http://blog.practicalethics.ox.ac.uk/2012/05/when-bad-science-kills-or-how-to-spread-aids/
Amy Alkon
at July 18, 2012 11:12 AM
The truly sick thing is that in America, beginning around the turn of the last century, baby boys have routinely been circumcised -- intentionally without anaesthetic to ensure maximum agony -- not for reasons of culture or religion. In fact, it was because that sick f*ck Kellog (of cornflakes fame) knew that it would lead to a decrease in sexual pleasure, and so he promoted it to curb masturbation.
Later, it was used to prevent baby boys from having a penis that would later be considered "ugly" by a potential lover.
If you look at the location and number of nerve endings in the penis, the glans is not the equivalent of the clitoris. The foreskin is.
The history of circumcision in this country says a lot about how we view males in general, doesn't it? Nice reminder to all the cut boys that their body is not their own, and that soon they may be compelled to sacrifice the rest of themselves for the "common good" -- and for the benefit all those other "equal" people who cannot be compelled to make any personal sacrifice, but need to be protected from ugly penises.
Jay R at July 18, 2012 11:39 AM
Amy, thanks for standing up on this issue, and for stating the truth about the horrific African circumcision HIV debacle.
Jay R at July 18, 2012 11:43 AM
So full of shit... So fascist... So full of shit... So fascist...
...Nothing left to admire.
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 18, 2012 2:33 PM
In Africa NGOs are paying for Adult men to be circumcised. It turns out that circumcision significantly reduces the transmission of STDs, particularly HIV. Perhaps the Patriarchs (and the Patriarch's God) knew more than you think.
It is also ironic given the above that San Francisco, of all places has banned circumcision.
Posted by: Bill Reeves
Aside from all the stuff AMy pointed ut, I'd like to point out that a simmilliar study in africa showed a decrease in STD's amoung women who had gential cutting done to them. So tell me Bill, as its will prevent your daughter frong getting Aids are you goin to take down to have somone cut off her clit any time soon?
lujlp at July 18, 2012 10:49 PM
So full of shit... So fascist... So full of shit... So fascist...
...Nothing left to admire.
Posted by: Crid
1. No one is making you stay, as you are so fond of saying to thse who point out your glaring fallices 'Feel free not to read'
2. Facism - is a radical authoritarian nationalist political ideology seeking elevation of their nation based on commitment to an organic national community where its individuals are united together as one people in national identity by suprapersonal connections of ancestry and culture through a totalitarian state that seeks the mass mobilization of a nation through discipline, indoctrination, physical training, and eugenics
2a Facist (epithet) the word fascist is intended to mean "oppressive", "intolerant", "chauvinist", "genocidal", "dictatorial", "racist", or "aggressive" – all concepts that are allegedly inspired by the ideology of actual fascism, and pervasive through fascist states.
So tell us crid, how is preventing a sexually based assult on an infant, "oppressive", "intolerant", "chauvinist", "genocidal", "dictatorial", "racist", or "aggressive"
lujlp at July 18, 2012 10:55 PM
Some people, such as Amy and others, don't want the foreskin cut from a boy's penis. They believe it's mutilation and serves no purpose whatsoever. They believe any individual unable to make their own decision -- for example an infant -- should by default not have any elective surgical procedure done until that individual can choose for themselves. Governments should make laws criminalizing such a procedure (maybe even all elective surgical procedures). Parents having the procedure performed on their infant should be considered acting illegally. While I think WAY too much importance is being given to a ring of skin..... never mind the scary slippery slope of allowing government another venue of control (Pelosi to the rescue. Scary!), I accept the argument's motivation is well intended. However, a flap of skin tightly pressed against the skin of the body creating an elevated growth medium, in an area prone to perspiration, prone to exposure to several of your own fluids, prone to exposure from multiple fluids from others, an area prone to passing on to others......so there is no benefit whatsoever to removing that tenuously located growth medium? The studies are mistaken? Even a lie! Pardon the pun but that is a boner in naked form. That's taking easily seen and easily connected dots and pretending you don't see them (dots? I don't see no stinkin dots!).
Argue all you want on the ethical issue and legality issue. Argue that the benefit in today's lofty hygienic world is unworthy of the procedure (there's a point to argue there). But it does not take a PhD or Doctorate to recognize that hygiene is elevated when a foreskin is not present. Trust me, that point is not up for debate.
TW at July 19, 2012 1:53 AM
Amy Alkon
http://www.advicegoddess.com/archives/2012/07/18/cutting_the_bul.html#comment-3268065">comment from TWGovernments should make laws criminalizing such a procedure (maybe even all elective surgical procedures).
Must we really resort to such utterly ridiculousness?
You can elect to have any unnecessary procedure you want when you are able to speak and consent or deny consent.
Boys can be taught to wash rather than having unnecessary surgery.
Wow. Logic in action! Amazing.
Amy Alkon
at July 19, 2012 6:58 AM
TW:
While I think WAY too much importance is being given to a ring of skin.....
The importance is being given to the individual's choice, not his foreskin specifically. If the male himself deems his foreskin an unimportant "ring of skin", he should be free to have it removed. His ability to choose or reject non-therapeutic circumcision is the issue.
However, a flap of skin tightly pressed against the skin of the body creating an elevated growth medium, in an area prone to perspiration, prone to exposure to several of your own fluids, prone to exposure from multiple fluids from others, an area prone to passing on to others...
You've essentially described female genitalia, too. Well done. What implications should we draw?
But it does not take a PhD or Doctorate to recognize that hygiene is elevated when a foreskin is not present. Trust me, that point is not up for debate.
Elevated? If you mean easier, I suppose. But that's not much of an argument. Surgery because parents assume an extra 5 seconds during a shower is just too much work to expect their son to do is silly, at best.
If you mean improved, that's assuming too much. Is hygiene improved by circumcision enough if the male doesn't bathe regularly? Is that male cleaner than an intact male who bathes regularly (and properly)?
Tony at July 19, 2012 9:23 AM
TW, the removal of forskin's heath benifts are a 30% reduction in instances 0f penile cancer usually only experiacned in the 80th decade of life or beyond, and a reported 12% reduction in the instances of UTI's.
As far as the STD heath aspects some studies suggest a mild reduction in bacterial STIs like gonerreah and clamdia, but ther show an increase in certain viral infections as the drier more calloed glanes develops friction mirco fissure and cause simmilar fissure in a femals vaginal walls.
Factor in the number of kids who die frm blood loss, the occasional amputation, and the myriad of number complications. Is it really worth such small gains given the risks?
Finally two last things to consider, the size of a full erect adult penis is not evident until after puberty. It certainly isnt evident in the frst few hours/weeks of life when the procedure is formed. How is anyone to accuratly gauge how much skin is the proper amount to cut off. Ever seen a penis that had too much skin removed? The pics are horrible
Second. Less that 5% of males are reported gettting UTI's, less than 10% get penilce cancer in the 2 or 3 yrs before they die of extreme old age. Nearly 15% of women get breast cnacer befre they are 40.
If such small non life threatening risks are reasn enugh to preform circumscison, why has no one suggested infant masectomies for baby girls?
lujlp at July 19, 2012 9:52 AM
When reading Ben-David's comment, it is important to note that as a conservative Jew he most likely supports a briss in which the mohel sucks the infant's bleeding, newly circumcised penis, sometimes tramsmittng infections such as herpes in the process. The sacred ritual of infant fellatio, yup.
People above are certainly correct, nothing is more fascist than allowing people the choice of what to do with their bodies. what's truly draconian is expecting society to move beyond the superstitious rituals of desert nomads thousands of years ago.
Tasty at July 20, 2012 1:27 AM
"Must we really resort to such utterly ridiculousness?"
Ridiculous? Then how do you and other proponents of a ban on this infant procedure expect that it will stop? It's axiomatic that circumcision at birth (or thereabouts) will continue in VERY large numbers unless laws are passed outlawing it. And while your belief that it is as extremely simple as X (and presumably ridiculous to think otherwise?), I do not share your view that government will be so precise and effective. On the contrary, I expect government to be ineffective and part of the problem when they start passing laws to 'save us from ourselves'. And in stark reality, the question of elective surgery being banned until you can "decide for yourself" is nowhere near simple. And if government is involved, wow. Again, the chance for succinct, effective, focused legislation is going to happen because of their stellar track record? I can definitely live with my lack of faith in government being challenged without it having a chance in hell it wavering.
To your other point, yes, Boys can be taught to wash....obviously. As I mentioned, I see the argument of the hygienic benefits of circumcision being diluted due to today's loftier hygienic standards. However that wasn't the point. I was calling out (for lack of a better phrase) you and the other ban proponents fervor to show the African study must! be wrong.....when the common sense behind it is very solid. "Hey man, just take a shower!", friendly advice in Japan, a cruel taunt in the Sudan.
TW at July 20, 2012 2:50 AM
Lujlp, I think you will find that I am not making a 'you are all wrong, I am utterly right' statement on the issue. I see some of the reasons behind ban proponents argument, I see why there is debate on it. But let me say it more succinct than my original post (as imprecise as it was); ban proponents make some points that have validity (not that my validation is needed, I'm just clarifying). However, one of the points I think you are far off base on:
"If such small non life threatening risks are reasn enugh to preform circumscison, why has no one suggested infant masectomies for baby girls?"
A very small ring of skin that is largely useless (understood! it is removing functioning skin that provides sensation) is not equivalent to removing a breast. It is not equivalent to the appalling intention behind removing the clitoris. A surgical procedure is not equivalent to every other surgical procedure.
TW at July 20, 2012 3:18 AM
Amy Alkon
http://www.advicegoddess.com/archives/2012/07/18/cutting_the_bul.html#comment-3269563">comment from TWHowever that wasn't the point. I was calling out (for lack of a better phrase) you and the other ban proponents fervor to show the African study must! be wrong.....when the common sense behind it is very solid. "Hey man, just take a shower!", friendly advice in Japan, a cruel taunt in the Sudan.
Ridiculous.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circumcision
The American Academy of Pediatrics (1999) stated: "Circumcision has been suggested as an effective method of maintaining penile hygiene since the time of the Egyptian dynasties, but there is little evidence to affirm the association between circumcision status and optimal penile hygiene."[25]
On the other hand, there are risks, though small, from circumcision. (Tell the "small" bit to the boy who had his penis damaged in a circumcision, had it amputated on the advice of Dr. John Money, was raised as a girl and killed himself.)
Amy Alkon
at July 20, 2012 6:27 AM
I expect government to be ineffective and part of the problem when they start passing laws to 'save us from ourselves'. And in stark reality, the question of elective surgery being banned until you can "decide for yourself" is nowhere near simple.
Fair point, however this isnt a 'save us from ourselves' type law, its a 'save us from the actions of others becuase we arent able to advocate for ourselves at the moment and waiting causes less harm than proceeding' type law.
Would you allow a parent to get their daughter breast implants at the age of 8? A nose job at 3
lujlp at July 20, 2012 5:00 PM
It is not equivalent to the appalling intention behind removing the clitoris.
Acctually it is, outside of the jewish tradition hosptial based surgical circumscision was introduced by a man looking to quell masterbation and sexual pleasure in men
lujlp at July 20, 2012 5:03 PM
Anything else?
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 20, 2012 11:48 PM
Amy's essentially conceded that her only interest is in quashing free practice of religion. It's hard to see her hatred as any less vicious than that of a fanatical believer.
Weird how she wants to live in a culture where she has a choice, though. Knowuddimean?
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 20, 2012 11:50 PM
Amy Alkon
http://www.advicegoddess.com/archives/2012/07/18/cutting_the_bul.html#comment-3271045">comment from Crid [CridComment at gmail]Amy's essentially conceded that her only interest is in quashing free practice of religion.
Well, that's just crap.
If you want to believe in god, winged lamps, or anything else, it's none of my business. What you don't get to do is mutilate a non-consenting, unable to consent human being in the name of your religion. You likewise don't get to murder homosexuals and rape victims in the name of your religion (Islam).
Amy Alkon
at July 21, 2012 12:02 AM
Free exercise of religion is one value. The right of bodily integrity is another. When the two conflict, the latter should prevail. There is nothing preventing circumcision at an age in which the recipient can consent to it. Fuck a god who can't understand that. And any person too.
Remote at July 21, 2012 1:22 AM
Is ridiculous defined by expecting something narrow and simple to not be legislated narrowly and simply by the federal government?
Is ridiculous defined by expecting a hygienic benefit from an unhygienic growth medium being removed (from an area that is exposed to many, maybe the most, bodily fluids)? I guess I am confused by the word ridiculous. Is there a study that speaks to a lack of foreskin and impaired mental process? Well no but there is a different study. The study you reference. That study is golden. And of course sontradictory studies are bogus. So there it is. It is absurd to believe removing one of the most potentially unhygienic growth mediums will have any positive effect on hygiene. Ahem.....
TW at July 21, 2012 1:34 AM
It is ridiculous to remove non-diseased flesh from a person without his consent.
iPad at July 21, 2012 1:52 AM
"Would you allow a parent to get their daughter breast implants at the age of 8? A nose job at 3"\
Lujlp, it isn't that simple. I agree that your examples are clearly not right. But what if the nose is perfectly functioning but malformed (or choose anywhere of many places that are perfectly functioning but malformed)? Ok that's simple too. We'll just have the law say parents get to choose if they want to have an elective procedure for their child for cosmetic issues like this. Ok that was simple. Now let's have government define malformed and the threshold for malformed.
That's simple. We just have the law say X, Y and Z." Simple. Now we will have our Congress and our POTUS come up with a simple X, Y and Z. I'm sure we can expect their PC ways, their dysfunctional ways, their 'we favor people A/groups B/types C' ways, their overreaching ways.... none of them to get in the way of the simple stuff like this. And we definitely do not have to worry that Group D will bring something in front of SCOTUS and SCOTUS will turn the law into E F and G too.
Listen, I appreciate having passion on an issue (for example your circumcision ban belief). It's a good thing. Obviously you see this issue as having an anti-male bias along with other aspects. Nothing wrong at all with having a belief and being passionate about it (when the passion can be well placed). But you, Amy and others are going to have to win this issue by argument and attrition. No! way! in! hell! is it a good thing or would I be in favor of government getting involved. And I hope that some of those opposed to circumcision will bristle at government getting involved. Government needs to not be involved in .
But, unfortunately imho, I think the tide is with you on this. Which is to say in the general sense, the population seems to be getting more and more ok with government passing laws for every human problem (urrgghh, I just quoted Gov. Jerry Brown). A circumcision ban won't happen tomorrow but eventually I expect government will have a circumcision ban in place (admittedly it will be a while on it because it crosses words with religions). The tide continues to flow toward government making laws to make sure everything has a paragraph to speak to its legality. It pisses me off to the Nth degree (sorry to go off on that tangent, that issue is a particular passion of mine).
TW at July 21, 2012 2:22 AM
> It is ridiculous to remove non-diseased flesh
> from a person without his consent.
That's the extremity of argument you guys have to offer for this... You don't even know what you sound like. It's not even HUMAN, let alone adult, and a cosmos away from convincing.
Breast implants! Dictionaries! RELIGION...!
If your lives were so exemplary that you could be trusted despite such loathsome rhetoric, we'd know by now. As it happens, these desperate arguments are getting the traction they deserve.
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 21, 2012 3:38 AM
Ah, more magical social science for Amy.
Be rigorous! Right?
(Without a degree, I mean....)
Studies!
Crid [CridComment at gmail] at July 21, 2012 3:41 AM
We are winning these arguments, your complaints notwithstanding. Circumcision except among Jews and Muslims is becoming the exception and not the rule. It takes time to overcome thousands of years is superstitious nonsense. Pretty soon you'll be one of the last folks not in those groups who thinks that routinely chopping of parts of boys' dicks is a good plan.
iPad at July 22, 2012 8:56 AM
Is ridiculous defined by expecting a hygienic benefit from an unhygienic growth medium being removed (from an area that is exposed to many, maybe the most, bodily fluids)? - TW
Yes, because there are no signifigant hygenic benifits.
Is a reduction in a 4% chance of UTI's really worth risking death?
lujlp at July 23, 2012 11:06 PM
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